Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects people of all ages. It causes repeated seizures, which are sudden bursts of electrical activity in the brain. Because epilepsy can look different for each person, learning about its causes and symptoms is important. This guide will help you understand epilepsy, its main causes, and what symptoms to watch for.
What is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a long-term brain condition. It leads to repeated seizures. Seizures happen when the brain’s normal signals are disrupted. For example, a person may lose awareness, move differently, or feel strange sensations. Not all seizures mean someone has epilepsy. However, if a person has two or more unprovoked seizures, doctors may diagnose epilepsy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), epilepsy affects about 50 million people worldwide. Because it is a neurological disorder, it starts in the brain and can affect thinking, movement, and feelings.
Causes of Epilepsy
There are many possible causes of epilepsy. Sometimes, doctors cannot find a clear reason. Yet, knowing the common causes can help you understand your risk. Here are some main causes:Genetic factors: Some people inherit genes that make them more likely to have epilepsy.Brain injury: Head injuries from accidents or falls can lead to epilepsy.Infections: Illnesses like meningitis or encephalitis may cause brain damage and trigger seizures.Stroke: A stroke can damage brain tissue and lead to epilepsy, especially in older adults.Developmental disorders: Conditions like autism or cerebral palsy can increase the risk.Brain tumors: Growths in the brain may disrupt normal activity and cause seizures.
Sometimes, epilepsy develops without a known cause. In these cases, doctors call it “idiopathic epilepsy.” Even though the cause is unclear, treatment can still help manage symptoms.
Symptoms of Epilepsy
Epilepsy symptoms can vary from person to person. Still, most people with epilepsy have repeated seizures. Seizures can look different depending on which part of the brain is affected. Here are some common symptoms:Sudden jerking movements of the arms or legsStaring spells or brief loss of awarenessConfusion or trouble speaking after a seizureStrange feelings, such as tingling or fear, before a seizureLoss of consciousness or fainting
Sometimes, people may notice warning signs before a seizure. These are called “auras.” For example, a person might smell something odd or feel dizzy. Because symptoms can be mild or severe, it is important to track any changes and talk to a doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help control seizures and improve quality of life.
If you or someone you know has repeated seizures or unusual symptoms, do not wait. Consult us today for personalized advice on epilepsy. Early care can make a big difference.
